Symptoms
Diarrhea
Diarrhea could be one of the signs of milk allergy if it continues for more than a week, and the child eliminates watery stools up to four times a day. Another symptom is the presence of blood in the stools.
Rashes on Skin
This condition can produce rashes on the baby’s skin. The rashes can show up all over the body, or remain restricted to a few areas. Sometimes they can be accompanied by swelling on the facial region too.
Vomiting
If the child is spitting out bits of his food, it is quite normal, as most babies do that. However, any deviation or increase in this act could signal a milk allergy.
Less Weight Gain
By the time a baby is six months old, his weight is almost doubled. Since the mainstay of his diet is milk, it is the main factor contributing to the weight gain. However, if an infant has this condition, he would constantly be suffering from diarrhea, or he might be vomiting out most of what he consumes. In such a scenario, there would not be adequate weight gain.
Gas
This condition can cause excessive gas in a baby. Although most babies do suffer from gas, an allergy to milk protein can cause a severe gas problem.
Persistent Crying
It is but natural for all babies to cry. However, if the baby cries continuously and that too, without any reason, it could be that he is experiencing abdominal pain caused by an allergic reaction to the milk protein.
Respiratory Problems
Many infants experience cold symptoms, but if the child is producing a continuous wheezing sound, and has trouble breathing due to abnormal mucus production, it could be due to an allergic reaction to the proteins.
Treatment
To confirm that a child has a milk allergy, the method of elimination/ reintroduction is used. In this method, milk is wholly removed from the baby’s diet for some time. Once the symptoms associated with milk allergy go away, milk is reintroduced into the baby’s diet. If the symptoms present themselves again, then it is confirmed that the child suffers from this condition.
Medical tests, such as skin prick tests, as well as blood tests such as RAST, CAP, and EAST, are also used to identify milk allergies in babies.
Once the allergy is diagnosed through these tests, the first thing to do will be to eliminate milk and other dairy products from the baby’s diet. The mother should continue breastfeeding the baby as breast milk allergy in infants is very rare. However, if the mother is herself consuming cow’s milk, then it can produce symptoms of this condition in the baby. So along with the child, the mother should discontinue it from her diet.
Alternatives such as soy protein formula, extensively hydrolyzed formula, or amino acid-based formula, can be included in the diet. Certain medications such as antihistamines are also recommended by doctors to reduce the allergic reaction in the baby.
Most milk allergies go away on their own by the time the child turns three or four. So milk can be reintroduced in the child’s diet at that time, but only after consulting a doctor.
